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Encyclopedia of Religion entry forCalixtinesOne of the sections into which the followers of John Hus (1369-1415; see HUSSITES) were divided. The name is derived from the Latin calix " cup " or " chalice "; and the Calixtines, " men of the Cup," were so called because they insisted on Communion in both kinds (sub utraque specie; bread and wine). They were called also Utraquists. This point, Communion in both kinds, was not one to which Hus himself attached importance. It was made important by one of his followers Jacobellus de Misa " the first to begin the practice of Communion in both kinds in Bohemia," and was adopted unanimously by the Hussites. While, however, the Calixtines were disposed to cherish and defend the practice peacefully, the other section of the Hussites, the Taborites proceeded under the guidance of John Ziska (1360-1424) to defend it by force of arms. In 1421 the Calixtines expressed their wishes in four articles (" Articles of Prague "). 1. " That the Word of God should be preached freely and without impediment throughout the kingdom of Bohemia." 2. " That the Sacrament of the Divine Eucharist should be freely administered in both kinds, that is, under the species of bread and of wine, to all Christians not disqualified by mortal sin, according to the command and institution of the Savior." 3. " That any clergyman engaged in the pursuit of secular power, or of wealth and temporal goods, contrary to the precept of Christ, to the prejudice of his office, and to the injury of the State, should be forbidden such pursuits and made to live according to the Evangelical rule and Apostolic life which Christ lived with his Apostles." 4. " That all mortal sins, and particularly public ones, should be properly punished by those to whom the duty of suppressing them belongs, and by reason of the law of God." These articles were ratified and confirmed by the Council of Basle (1433) in the Compact of Prague. Eventually some of the Calixtines conformed to the Roman usage, while others joined the Taborites. See Blunt; Prot. Dict.; Cath. Dict.; Brockhaus. citations: Encyc. of Rel., Canney
article created 2006-04-12 , last updated 2006-04-12 |
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