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Encyclopedia of Religion entry for
‘Ilmu ‘L-Fiqh
Jurisprudence; and the knowledge of all subjects connected with practical religion. In the first place, Fiqh deals with the five pillars of practical religion; 1. the recital of the creed; 2. prayer; 3. Fasting; zakat or almsgiving; 5 hajj or pilgrimage; and in the second place with all questions of jurisprudence such as marriage, divorce, inheritance, sale, evidence, slavery, partnership, warfare, &c. &c. The chief Sunni works on the subject are: Of the Hanafi sect, the Hidayah, the Fataw ‘a-i-’Alamqui, the Darru ‘l-Mukhhtar, and Raddu ‘l-Muhtar; of the Shafi ‘i and Malaki sects, the Kitabu ‘l-Anwar, the Muharrar, and the Ikhtilaju ‘l-A ‘immah. The best-known Shi ‘ah works on jurisprudence are the Shara ‘i ‘u ‘l-Islam, the Mafatih, and the Jami ‘u ‘sh-Shatai. 
citations: Dictionary of Islam, Hughes
article created 2006-04-12 , last updated 2006-04-12
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